1 Which of the following quantities is a base quantity? flag bookmark A Force B Temperature C Velocity D Energy T4 Chapter 1.1 Physical Quantities Temperature is a base quantity because it is one of the seven fundamental quantities in physics that cannot be defined in terms of other quantities. Force, velocity, and energy are derived quantities.
2 Diagram 2 shows a velocity-time graph for the motion of a car. What is the total displacement travelled by the car in 10 seconds? flag bookmark A 24 m B 72 m C 96 m D 120 m T4 Chapter 2.2 Linear Motion Graphs Displacement is the area under the graph: triangle (½ × 4 × 12 = 24 m) plus rectangle (6 × 12 = 72 m), giving 96 m.
3 Which of the following situations shows the effect of inertia? flag bookmark A An apple falls to the ground due to gravity. B A car accelerates when the gas pedal is pressed. C Passengers are thrown forward when the bus stops suddenly. D A boat moves forward when the paddle pushes water backward. T4 Chapter 2.4 Inertia Passengers keep moving forward due to inertia when the bus stops suddenly, so they lurch forward. This directly shows inertia’s effect.
4 What is meant by balanced forces? flag bookmark A The resultant force acting on the object is zero. B The object must only be in a stationary state. C Only one force acts on the object. D The force that causes an object to accelerate. T5 Chapter 1.3 Forces in Equilibrium Balanced forces cancel each other out, so their resultant force is zero and the object's motion does not change.
5 Diagram 5 shows a block of mass 4 kg placed on a frictionless inclined plane. What is the component of the weight of the block parallel to the surface of the inclined plane? [g = 9.81 m s⁻²] flag bookmark A 19.62 N B 33.98 N C 39.24 N D 78.48 N T5 Chapter 1.2 Resolution of Forces Weight component parallel to the plane is mg sin θ = 4 × 9.81 × 0.5 = 19.62 N.
6 According to Kepler's First Law, what is the shape of the orbit of each planet orbiting the Sun? flag bookmark A Perfect circle B Ellipse C Parabola D Straight line T4 Chapter 3.2 Kepler's Laws Kepler’s First Law states that each planet orbits the Sun in an ellipse, with the Sun at one focus, not a perfect circle.
7 Which of the following is a characteristic of a geostationary satellite? flag bookmark A Has an orbital period of less than 24 hours. B Always remains above the same geographical position on the Earth's surface. C Orbits the Earth from the North Pole to the South Pole. D Its direction of motion is opposite to the direction of the Earth's rotation. T4 Chapter 3.3 Man-made Satellites A geostationary satellite orbits once every 24 hours in the same direction as Earth’s rotation, so it stays above the same longitude and appears fixed over one spot.
8 Two objects, P and Q, are in thermal equilibrium. Which of the following statements is true? flag bookmark A The temperature of object P is higher than object Q. B There is no transfer of heat energy occurring between P and Q. C The net rate of heat transfer between P and Q is zero. D The latent heat of both objects is the same. T4 Chapter 4.1 Thermal Equilibrium In thermal equilibrium, both objects share the same temperature, so the net rate of heat transfer between them is zero. Option B is incorrect because heat may still flow in both directions, just equally.
9 Metal X has a higher specific heat capacity compared to metal Y. Which statement is correct about metal X when heated? flag bookmark A The temperature of metal X increases more rapidly. B Metal X requires more heat to increase its temperature by 1 °C. C Metal X cools down quickly when heat is removed. D Metal X is a better heat conductor than metal Y. T4 Chapter 4.2 Specific Heat Capacity Higher specific heat capacity means metal X needs more heat energy to raise its temperature by 1 °C, so option B is correct.
10 The oscillation of a simple pendulum is found to decrease and eventually stop due to damping. How can the pendulum be kept oscillating at a constant amplitude? flag bookmark A Decrease the length of the string of the simple pendulum. B Apply a periodic external force having the same frequency as the natural frequency of the system. C Use a pendulum bob with a smaller mass. D Immerse the entire pendulum system into a more viscous liquid. T4 Chapter 5.2 Damping and Resonance Applying a periodic external force at the natural frequency causes resonance, which continuously supplies energy to replace what damping removes, keeping the amplitude constant.