1 Which of the following is correct about the horizontal plane? flag bookmark A Divides the body into frontal and rear parts B Divides the body into upper and lower parts C Divides the structure into right and left parts D Divides the body into right and left parts T4 Chapter 1.3 Communicating in Biology A horizontal (transverse) plane runs parallel to the ground, separating the body into upper and lower parts. Frontal and sagittal planes divide front/back and right/left respectively.
2 The following information is about methods for managing different biological wastes according to Standard Operating Procedures. > Packed in autoclave resistant biohazard plastic bags, sterilised in an autoclave for decontamination, and then placed into a biohazard bin. Which of the following, what are biological waste that uses the method? flag bookmark A Animal organ B Glove C Scalpel D Blood T4 Chapter 1.2 Safety and Rules in Biology Laboratory Gloves are solid, non-sharp contaminated waste, so they are safely autoclaved in biohazard bags before disposal. Scalpels are sharps and need puncture-proof containers, not autoclave bags.
3 Which of the following cell components functions as a pump to remove excess water in *Amoeba sp.*? flag bookmark A Contractile vacuole B Food vacuole C Pseudopodium D Lysosome T4 Chapter 2.2 Living Processes in Unicellular Organisms The contractile vacuole collects and actively pumps excess water out of the cell, preventing the amoeba from swelling and bursting.
4 Diagram 1 shows a cell component. Which of the following is the adaptation of the component to the function of the cell? flag bookmark A Store water and dissolved substances B Contains green pigments to absorb light C Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell D Has a large surface area to generate more energy T4 Chapter 2.3 Living Process in Multicellular Organisms The folded inner membrane provides a large surface area for enzymes in cellular respiration, increasing energy (ATP) production.
5 Diagram 2 shows an experiment. After an hour, the Visking tubing shrinks. Which of the following is correct about the experiment? *Pairs Liquid X – Liquid Y.* flag bookmark A Distilled water – 10% sucrose solution B 10% sucrose solution – 30% sucrose solution C Distilled water – 30% sucrose solution D 30% sucrose solution – Distilled water T4 Chapter 3.2 Concept of Movement of Substances Across a Plasma Membrane The tubing shrinks because water moves out via osmosis. This happens when the sucrose concentration is higher outside (Liquid X, 30%) than inside (Liquid Y, distilled water).
6 A student bought mango slices and sprinkles plum powder onto it. After 30 minutes, he noticed that the fruit slices become soft. What causes this condition? flag bookmark A Salt diffuses out from mango slices by active transport B Salt diffuses into the mango cells by facilitated diffusion C Water diffuses out from the mango cells by osmosis D Water diffuses into the mango cells by osmosis T4 Chapter 3.4 Movement of Substances Across a Plasma Membrane and Its Application in Daily Life Plum powder creates a salty, hypertonic environment outside the mango cells, so water diffuses out by osmosis, causing the cells to lose turgidity and the fruit to soften.
7 Diagram 3 shows the breakdown process of lactose. > Lactose + Water ➜ Glucose + K What is molecule **K**? flag bookmark A Galactose B Fructose C Glucose D Sucrose T4 Chapter 4.2 Carbohydrates Lactose is a disaccharide made of glucose and galactose. When it breaks down with water, it produces glucose and galactose, so K is galactose.
8 Diagram 4 shows the rate of enzyme hydrolysis reactions **R** and **S** in the human body. Which of the following is true about enzymes **R** and **S**? flag bookmark A Secreted in the stomach – Secreted into the duodenum B The active site changes at pH more than 4 – The active site changes at pH more than 7 C R hydrolyses lipids into fatty acid and glycerol – S hydrolyses starch to maltose D Synthesised in the rough endoplasmic reticulum – Synthesised in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum T4 Chapter 5.2 Enzyme T4 Chapter 9.2 Digestion Enzyme R's optimum pH of 2.0 matches the stomach's acidic environment. Enzyme S's optimum pH of 8.5 matches the alkaline environment of the duodenum.
9 Diagram 5 shows a bar chart about the change in the chromosomal number of two cells, **P** and **Q** when they undergo cell division. Which of the following is the correct difference between division in cell **P** and cell **Q**? flag bookmark A Involve two phases of cell division – One phase of cell division B Produce diploid daughter cell – Produce haploid daughter cell C Involve in production of gamete – Involve in production of somatic cell D Produce four daughter cells – Produce two daughter cells T4 Chapter 6.1 Cell Division The chart shows P maintains its chromosome number, producing diploid cells, while Q halves it, producing haploid cells. Thus, B is the correct difference.
10 Paddy plant cells do not die due to the production of ethanol during the fermentation process. Which of the following statement is correct? flag bookmark A Paddy plant cells produce alcohol dehydrogenase to break down ethanol into non-toxic carbon dioxide B Paddy plant cells use alcohol dehydrogenase to convert ethanol into oxygen for aerobic respiration C Paddy plant cells produce alcohol dehydrogenase to prevent the formation of ethanol in the tissues D Paddy plant cells use alcohol dehydrogenase to store ethanol as a source of energy in the roots T4 Chapter 7.3 Fermentation Alcohol dehydrogenase breaks down toxic ethanol into non-toxic carbon dioxide, preventing cell death. This is why paddy plant cells survive fermentation.