1 Diagram 1 shows a fire extinguisher. Which of the following sources of fire is suitable to be extinguished by this fire extinguisher? flag bookmark A Petrol B Paper C Cooking oil D Electrical appliances T4 Chapter 1.3 Fire Extinguishers Diagram 1 is a water fire extinguisher. Water is suitable for Class A fires involving solid materials such as paper, wood and cloth. Water must not be used on petrol or cooking oil fires (it spreads the burning liquid) or on electrical fires (risk of electric shock).
2 The Heimlich Manoeuvre is an emergency procedure that is carried out to save an individual. What is the victim's situation that requires this method? flag bookmark A Holding the neck with both hands B Severely injured in an accident C Has no heartbeat D Hit by lightning strike T4 Chapter 2.2 Heimlich Manoeuvre The Heimlich Manoeuvre is used for a choking victim whose airway is blocked by food or an object. A choking person usually holds the neck with both hands, which is the universal sign of choking.
3 Why is the pulse rate of an athlete lower than a non-athlete when resting? flag bookmark A Athlete's heart muscles are less active when resting B Athlete's heart muscles are weak when they are not exercising C Athlete's heart muscles are weak because of excessive use of steroid D Athlete's heart muscles are stronger to pump more blood throughout the body T4 Chapter 3.2 Pulse Rate Regular training makes an athlete's heart muscles stronger, so each heartbeat pumps more blood. The heart therefore needs fewer beats per minute to supply the body at rest, giving a lower resting pulse rate.
4 Which of the following is the normal blood pressure reading? flag bookmark A 120/80 mmHg B 110/90 mmHg C 130/80 mmHg D 100/70 mmHg T4 Chapter 3.3 Blood Pressure A normal blood pressure reading for an adult is about 120/80 mmHg (systolic 120 mmHg, diastolic 80 mmHg).
5 Study the following information. > Tokyo 2021 Olympic Games medals are produced from electronic waste. Which of the following is the purpose of the action in the Green Information and Communication Technology (ICT) practice? flag bookmark A Save on manufacturing cost B Reduce the greenhouse effect C Improving solid waste management method D Reduce the use of dangerous materials T4 Chapter 4.6 Green Technology and Life Electronic waste contains dangerous materials such as lead and mercury. Recycling e-waste to make the medals reduces the use of new dangerous materials and keeps them out of the environment, which is a Green ICT practice.
6 Diagram 2 shows the condition of a forest near to the industrial area. Which of the following gases cause the effect? flag bookmark A Sulphur dioxide B Hydrogen C Nitrogen D Chlorine T4 Chapter 4.1 Environmental Sustainability The factories and vehicles release sulphur dioxide (and nitrogen oxides). These gases dissolve in rain water to form acid rain, which damages and kills the trees in the forest.
7 Diagram 3 shows a substance used to produce biofuels. Which of the following material can replace the substance X? flag bookmark A Petrol B Natural gas C Plant wastes D Animal fat T4 Chapter 4.2 Energy Sector Biofuels are made from plant or animal oils and fats. Substance X (used cooking oil) can be replaced by animal fat, which can also be converted into biodiesel. Petrol and natural gas are fossil fuels, not biofuel raw materials.
8 Diagram 4 shows the first generation by a cross of two flower plants. What are the genotypes of Parent 1 and Parent 2 if R represents the dominant gene for red flower and r represents the recessive gene for white flower? flag bookmark A RR x rr B Rr x RR C Rr x Rr D Rr x rr T4 Chapter 5.2 Inheritance The offspring show 75% red flowers and 25% white flowers, which is a 3:1 ratio. This ratio is obtained when both parents are heterozygous, Rr x Rr (RR : Rr : rr = 1 : 2 : 1).
9 Diagram 5 shows the karyotype of an individual suffering from a genetic disease. What is the name of the genetic disease? flag bookmark A Albinism B Thalassemia C Turner syndrome D Klinefelter syndrome T4 Chapter 5.3 Mutation The karyotype shows 47 chromosomes with an extra sex chromosome (XXY) at the 23rd pair. This is Klinefelter syndrome, which occurs in males.
10 Which of the following is an example of discontinuous variation? flag bookmark A Height B Skin colour C Body mass D Hair colour T4 Chapter 5.5 Variation Discontinuous variation has distinct categories with no intermediate forms. Height, skin colour and body mass show continuous variation, which has a range of values. The answer scheme gives hair colour (D) as the example of discontinuous variation.