1 Which of the following quantities is a vector quantity? flag bookmark A Energy B Power C Force D Pressure T4 Chapter 1.1 Physical Quantities A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction. Force acts in a direction, so it is a vector. Energy, power and pressure have magnitude only (scalars).
2 Which of the following pairs shows a base quantity and a derived quantity? | | Base quantity | Derived quantity | |---|---|---| | A | Length | Temperature | | B | Force | Time | | C | Electric current | Momentum | | D | Speed | Velocity | flag bookmark A Length – Temperature B Force – Time C Electric current – Momentum D Speed – Velocity T4 Chapter 1.1 Physical Quantities Electric current is one of the seven base quantities, and momentum (mass × velocity) is a derived quantity. Temperature and time are base quantities, while force and speed are derived.
3 Diagram 1 shows a ruler. Inches is an example of flag bookmark A Metric unit B S.I. unit C Imperial unit T4 Chapter 1.1 Physical Quantities The inch (like the foot, pound and gallon) belongs to the imperial system. The centimetre on the other edge is a metric unit.
4 Which of the following pairs shows a physical quantity and its unit correctly? | | Physical quantity | Unit | |---|---|---| | A | Acceleration | m s⁻¹ | | B | Weight | kilogram, kg | | C | Electric current | ampere, A | | D | Thermodynamic temperature | degree Celsius | flag bookmark A Acceleration – m s⁻¹ B Weight – kilogram, kg C Electric current – ampere, A D Thermodynamic temperature – degree Celsius T4 Chapter 1.1 Physical Quantities The unit of electric current is the ampere (A). Acceleration is in m s⁻², weight is a force measured in newtons (N), and thermodynamic temperature is in kelvin (K).
5 Which of the following statements is correct about displacement? I The length of a trajectory travelled by the movement of an object II The shortest distance travelled in a specific direction III The value is equal to the length of the straight line between the initial and final positions flag bookmark A I and II only B II and III only C II, III and IV only D I, III and IV only T4 Chapter 2.1 Linear Motion Displacement is the shortest distance between the initial and final positions in a specified direction, so II and III are correct. Statement I (length of the path travelled) describes distance.
6 Diagram 2 shows a graph of the motion of a motorcycle. Which statement is correct regarding the motion? flag bookmark A The motorcycle is in uniform acceleration at AB B The motorcycle is stationary at BC C The motorcycle changes direction backward at CD D The motorcycle reduces the velocity at EF T4 Chapter 2.2 Linear Motion Graphs This is a velocity-time graph. AB is a straight line sloping upward, so the velocity increases at a constant rate: uniform acceleration. BC is constant velocity (100 m s⁻¹), CD is deceleration while still moving forward, and along EF the velocity becomes more negative, so the speed increases in the opposite direction.
7 Diagram 3 shows a car crushed when it collides with a tree. Why are the front and rear of the car designed to be easily crushed? flag bookmark A To reduce the impact time and reduce the impulsive force B To reduce the momentum C To increase the impact time and reduce the impulsive force D To increase the frictional force T4 Chapter 2.7 Impulse and Impulsive Force Crumple zones crush slowly during a collision, which lengthens the time taken for the car to stop. Since impulsive force = change in momentum ÷ time, a longer impact time gives a smaller impulsive force.
8 What will happen to the gravitational force between two bodies if the distance between the two bodies is doubled? flag bookmark A Becomes doubled B Becomes quadrupled C Reduced to half of the original value D Reduced to a quarter of the original value T4 Chapter 3.1 Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation By Newton's law of gravitation, F ∝ 1/r². Doubling r makes the force 1/2² = 1/4 of the original value.
9 The orbital period of a geostationary satellite is flag bookmark A 24 hours B 36 hours C 48 hours D 72 hours T4 Chapter 3.3 Man-made Satellites A geostationary satellite orbits above the equator in the same direction and with the same period as the Earth's rotation, which is 24 hours, so it stays above the same place.
10 The position of a planet that is closest to the Sun when orbiting is known as flag bookmark A perihelion B focal point C aphelion D centre T4 Chapter 3.2 Kepler's Laws A planet moves in an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. The point closest to the Sun is the perihelion; the farthest point is the aphelion.