1 The following statements are methods for managing different biological wastes according to Standard Operating Procedures. Wrapped carefully in absorbent material, packed carefully into a biohazard plastic bag and frozen. What is the biological waste that uses the above method? flag bookmark A Scalpel B Plastic culture container C Animal carcases D Broth culture T4 Chapter 1.2 Safety and Rules in Biology Laboratory Animal carcases are wrapped in absorbent material, packed in a biohazard plastic bag and kept frozen until they are incinerated. Scalpels go into a sharps container, and culture containers and broth cultures are sterilised in an autoclave.
2 Diagram 1 shows a type of tissue in one of the systems in a human body. Where is this tissue abundantly found? flag bookmark A Covers the surface of the mouth and oesophagus B Lines tubules, glands and kidney ducts C Covers the surface of the trachea and bronchus D Covers the surface of lungs, body cavities and blood vessels T4 Chapter 2.3 Living Process in Multicellular Organisms The tissue is ciliated columnar epithelium with a goblet cell that secretes mucus. It lines the trachea and bronchi, where the mucus traps dust and the cilia sweep it away.
3 The information below refers to a condition of a mustard green cells after being immersed in a solution. - Vacuole shrinks. - Plasma membrane and cytoplasm are pulled away from the cell wall. What is the process experienced by the mustard green cell? flag bookmark A Turgid B Crenation C Haemolysis D Plasmolysis T4 Chapter 3.4 Movement of Substances Across a Plasma Membrane and Its Application in Daily Life A plant cell in a hypertonic solution loses water by osmosis, so the vacuole shrinks and the cytoplasm and plasma membrane pull away from the cell wall. This is plasmolysis. Crenation and haemolysis happen to animal cells.
4 An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of sucrose concentration on the mass of potato strips. The potato strips were placed in 5%, 15% and 30% sucrose solution. The initial mass of the potato strips is 1.40 g. What is the final mass of the potato strip in 30% sucrose solution? flag bookmark A 1.14 g B 1.40 g C 1.58 g D 1.79 g T4 Chapter 3.4 Movement of Substances Across a Plasma Membrane and Its Application in Daily Life A 30% sucrose solution is hypertonic to the potato cell sap, so the strip loses water by osmosis and its mass falls below the initial 1.40 g. Only 1.14 g is lower than 1.40 g.
5 Two monomers of R are combined to produce S and T via process U. Which of the following are R, S, T and U? | | R | S | T | U | |---|---|---|---|---| | I | Glucose | Maltose | Water | Condensation | | II | Glucose | Glucose | Water | Hydrolysis | | III | Amino acid | Dipeptide | Water | Condensation | | IV | Amino acid | Fats | Water | Hydrolysis | flag bookmark A I and II B I and III C II and IV D III and IV T4 Chapter 4.2 Carbohydrates Joining two monomers releases a water molecule, which is condensation. Two glucose molecules join to form maltose (I), and two amino acids join to form a dipeptide (III). Hydrolysis breaks molecules down, and amino acids do not form fats.
6 Which of the following cells is the product of meiosis? flag bookmark A B C D T4 Chapter 6.3 Meiosis Meiosis produces gametes. D is a sperm cell, a male gamete. A is a white blood cell, B a neurone and C a red blood cell, which are body cells formed by mitosis.
7 An experiment was conducted to study the activity of pepsin. A strip of albumen was put into a beaker of water containing pepsin. The initial length of the albumen strips was 5 cm. After three hours, the length of the albumen strip only decreased to 4.95 cm. Which action can be taken to speed up the decrease in the length of the albumen strip? flag bookmark A By adding hydrochloric acid B By increasing the temperature of the solution up to 40°C C By adding sodium hydroxide D By adding pepsin solution T4 Chapter 5.2 Enzyme Pepsin works best at about pH 2, as in the acidic stomach. In plain water the pH is too high for pepsin, so it works very slowly. Adding hydrochloric acid lowers the pH to its optimum and the albumen is digested faster.
8 Diagram 3 shows a cell component found in animal cells. Which of the following processes occurs in this cell component? flag bookmark A Breakdown of glucose into two pyruvate molecules B Breakdown of pyruvate into ethanol and carbon dioxide C Breakdown of pyruvate into carbon dioxide, energy and water T4 Chapter 7.2 Aerobic Respiration The component is a mitochondrion. Here pyruvate is completely broken down with oxygen into carbon dioxide and water, releasing a lot of energy. Glycolysis and fermentation take place in the cytoplasm.
9 Diagram 4 shows the cross section of the human heart. Which of the labelled parts A, B, C and D, carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart? flag bookmark A A B B C C D D T4 Chapter 10.2 Circulatory System of Humans A is the vena cava, which brings deoxygenated blood from the body back into the right atrium. The scheme gives A.
10 Which of the following statements describes the adaptative characteristic of insect's respiratory structure? flag bookmark A Small ratio of total surface area to volume for the efficient exchange of respiratory gases B The respiratory structure is complete with a network of blood capillaries that allows for the efficient delivery of respiratory gases C The surface of the respiratory structure is dry for respiratory gases to dissolve in them D A thin respiratory structure that is one cell thick allows the diffusion of respiratory gases to occur T4 Chapter 8.1 Types of Respiratory System The tracheoles of insects have walls only one cell thick, so gases diffuse easily into the cells. Insects have no blood capillaries for gas transport, the surface is moist, not dry, and the ratio of surface area to volume is large.